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class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" 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class="nav-link">Effective_CPP</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/6b2468/" class="nav-link">muduo网络库</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/5f8c9f/" class="nav-link">Unix环境高级编程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/3f1d21/" class="nav-link">Cpp提高编程</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="计算机基础" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">计算机基础</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/7b1cb2/" class="nav-link">计算机网络</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/6048a8/" class="nav-link">操作系统</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/3b34ba/" class="nav-link">数据结构</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/412fe7/" class="nav-link">Linux</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/2dcfa1/" class="nav-link">算法</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="数据库" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">数据库</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/efa3f2/" class="nav-link">基础篇</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ccc445/" class="nav-link">MySql</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/54616e/" class="nav-link">Redis</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="嵌入式软件开发" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">嵌入式软件开发</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d142c2/" class="nav-link">电子嵌入式通信协议</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/4c6bf3/" class="nav-link">深入浅出SSD</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d3f36a/" class="nav-link">文件系统</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e0cca7/" class="nav-link">汇编语言</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fab2d7/" class="nav-link">STM32</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="开发日常" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">开发日常</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e472d1/" class="nav-link">随笔（持续更新）</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/71f6ae/" class="nav-link">Git知识总结</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/db6fb8/" class="nav-link">Git备忘清单</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/e1081f/" class="nav-link">Git 创建删除远程分支</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/777b8a/" class="nav-link">nvm使用小结</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ee770e/" class="nav-link">虚拟机固定 IP 地址</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1ab9a6/" class="nav-link">Shell 脚本学习笔记</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/411aa4/" class="nav-link">VScode 插件 CodeGeeX 使用教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/0d525d/" class="nav-link">KylinV10 将项目上传至 Github教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/907786/" class="nav-link">KylinV10 安装 MySQL 教程（可防踩雷）</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a2d21e/" class="nav-link">kylinV10-SP1 安装 QT</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b561cf/" class="nav-link">高并发内存池</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/6ab6d1/" class="nav-link">USBGUARD 项目编译环境配置</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/883f02/" class="nav-link">Power_Destory 项目</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/479472/" class="nav-link">U 盘清除工具编译教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/9c4241/" class="nav-link">个人博客代码推送教程</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/3ad765/" class="nav-link">SVN Trunk Branches的Merge操作</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/0c0ca8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="前端学习" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">前端学习</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/99897f/" class="nav-link">HTML与CSS</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/51542d/" class="nav-link">JS学习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/803f9d/" class="nav-link">Vue3入门</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/ca4cfb/" class="nav-link">Vue3进阶</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/50e8d3/" class="nav-link">黑马Vue3</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="MFC" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">MFC</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a4b108/" class="nav-link">MFC编程随记</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/41acbd/" class="nav-link">MFC实现ini配置文件的读取</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/951a7a/" class="nav-link">MFC实现点击列表头排序</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/a8598f/" class="nav-link">贴图法美化Button按钮</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/054516/" class="nav-link">MFC使用细节</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="闪存" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">闪存</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b925b8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fa256e/" class="nav-link">博客搭建</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/335531/" class="nav-link">网站收藏箱</a></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Cpp之旅</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Cpp专栏</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Effetcive_CPP</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>muduo网络库</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Unix环境高级编程</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>Cpp提高编程</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/3f1d21/" class="sidebar-link">函数模板</a></li><li><a href="/pages/db4e3c/" class="sidebar-link">类模板</a></li><li><a href="/pages/a7c324/" class="sidebar-link">初识STL</a></li><li><a href="/pages/4906d0/" class="sidebar-link">string 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/6454c9/" class="sidebar-link">vector 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/b3b75f/" class="sidebar-link">deque 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/ae0c61/" class="sidebar-link">stack 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/bce95e/" class="sidebar-link">queue 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/1263f8/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">list 容器</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9、list-容器" class="sidebar-link">9、list 容器</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-1-list-构造函数" class="sidebar-link">9.1 list 构造函数</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-2-list-赋值和交换" class="sidebar-link">9.2 list 赋值和交换</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-3-list-大小操作" class="sidebar-link">9.3 list 大小操作</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-4-list-插入和删除" class="sidebar-link">9.4 list 插入和删除</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-5-list-数据存取" class="sidebar-link">9.5 list 数据存取</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-6-list-反转和排序" class="sidebar-link">9.6 list 反转和排序</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/1263f8/#_9-7-排序案例" class="sidebar-link">9.7 排序案例</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="/pages/dbe892/" class="sidebar-link">set 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/c6c0bf/" class="sidebar-link">map 容器</a></li><li><a href="/pages/6a4fc5/" class="sidebar-link">STL 函数对象</a></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>CPP语言</span></li><li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>Cpp提高编程</span></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>霜晨月</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-12-28</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">list 容器<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h2 id="_9、list-容器"><a href="#_9、list-容器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9、list 容器</h2> <p><strong>功能：</strong></p> <ul><li>将数据进行链式存储</li></ul> <blockquote><p>链表（list）是一种物理存储单元上非连续的存储结构，数据元素的逻辑顺序是通过链表中的指针链接实现的</p></blockquote> <p><strong>链表的组成：</strong></p> <ul><li>链表由一系列结点组成</li></ul> <p><strong>结点的组成：</strong></p> <ul><li>一个是存储数据元素的<strong>数据域</strong>，另一个是存储下一个结点地址的<strong>指针域</strong></li></ul> <p><strong>STL中的链表是一个双向循环链表</strong></p> <p><img alt="1694782885909" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/Pictures@main/img/1694782885909.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p>由于链表的存储方式并不是连续的内存空间，因此链表 list 中的迭代器只支持前移和后移，属于双向迭代器</p> <p><strong>list 的优点：</strong></p> <ul><li>采用动态存储分配，不会造成内存浪费和溢出</li> <li>链表执行插入和删除操作十分方便，修改指针即可，不需要移动大量元素</li></ul> <p><strong>list 的缺点：</strong></p> <ul><li>链表灵活，但是空间(指针域) 和 时间（遍历）额外耗费较大</li></ul> <p><strong>List 有一个重要的性质，插入操作和删除操作都不会造成原有 list 迭代器的失效，这在 vector 是不成立的。</strong></p> <h3 id="_9-1-list-构造函数"><a href="#_9-1-list-构造函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.1 list 构造函数</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>创建 list 容器</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>T<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> lst<span class="token punctuation">;</span>   			<span class="token comment">// list 采用采用模板类实现,对象的默认构造形式：</span>
<span class="token function">list</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>end<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 			<span class="token comment">// 构造函数将 [beg, end) 区间中的元素拷贝给本身。</span>
<span class="token function">list</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token punctuation">,</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  			<span class="token comment">// 构造函数将 n 个 elem 拷贝给本身。</span>
<span class="token function">list</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list <span class="token operator">&amp;</span>lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 	<span class="token comment">// 拷贝构造函数。</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>const_iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>it <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token function">L2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token function">L3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L3<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token function">L4</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L4<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_9-2-list-赋值和交换"><a href="#_9-2-list-赋值和交换" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.2 list 赋值和交换</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>给 list 容器进行赋值，以及交换 list 容器</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> end<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 					<span class="token comment">// 将 [beg, end) 区间中的数据拷贝赋值给本身。</span>
<span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token punctuation">,</span> elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  					<span class="token comment">// 将 n 个 elem 拷贝赋值给本身。</span>
list<span class="token operator">&amp;</span> <span class="token keyword">operator</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list <span class="token operator">&amp;</span>lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 	<span class="token comment">// 重载等号操作符</span>
<span class="token function">swap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 							<span class="token comment">//将 lst 与本身的元素互换。</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>const_iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>it <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// 赋值和交换</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 赋值</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L2 <span class="token operator">=</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L3<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> L2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L3<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L4<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L4<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L4<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 交换</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test02</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;交换前： &quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">swap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;交换后： &quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">//test01();</span>
    <span class="token function">test02</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_9-3-list-大小操作"><a href="#_9-3-list-大小操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.3 list 大小操作</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>对 list 容器的大小进行操作</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token function">size</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 	<span class="token comment">// 返回容器中元素的个数</span>
<span class="token function">empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 	<span class="token comment">// 判断容器是否为空</span>

<span class="token comment">// 重新指定容器的长度为 num，若容器变长，则以默认值填充新位置。</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果容器变短，则末尾超出容器长度的元素被删除。</span>
<span class="token function">resize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 

<span class="token comment">// 重新指定容器的长度为 num，若容器变长，则以 elem 值填充新位置。</span>
<span class="token comment">// 如果容器变短，则末尾超出容器长度的元素被删除。</span>
<span class="token function">resize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>num<span class="token punctuation">,</span> elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>const_iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>it <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// 大小操作</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;L1为空&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;L1不为空&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;L1的大小为： &quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">size</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 重新指定大小</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">resize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">resize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><p><strong>总结：</strong></p> <ul><li>判断是否为空 --- empty</li> <li>返回元素个数 --- size</li> <li>重新指定个数 --- resize</li></ul> <h3 id="_9-4-list-插入和删除"><a href="#_9-4-list-插入和删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.4 list 插入和删除</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>对 list 容器进行数据的插入和删除</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>		<span class="token comment">// 在容器尾部加入一个元素</span>
<span class="token function">pop_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>     		<span class="token comment">// 删除容器中最后一个元素</span>
<span class="token function">push_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>		<span class="token comment">// 在容器开头插入一个元素</span>
<span class="token function">pop_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>    		<span class="token comment">// 从容器开头移除第一个元素</span>
<span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pos<span class="token punctuation">,</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>		<span class="token comment">// 在 pos 位置插 elem 元素的拷贝，返回新数据的位置。</span>
<span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pos<span class="token punctuation">,</span>n<span class="token punctuation">,</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>		<span class="token comment">// 在 pos 位置插入 n 个 elem 数据，无返回值。</span>
<span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pos<span class="token punctuation">,</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>end<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>	<span class="token comment">// 在 pos 位置插入 [beg,end) 区间的数据，无返回值。</span>
<span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>        		<span class="token comment">// 移除容器的所有数据</span>
<span class="token function">erase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>end<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 		<span class="token comment">// 删除 [beg,end) 区间的数据，返回下一个数据的位置。</span>
<span class="token function">erase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pos<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>     		<span class="token comment">// 删除 pos 位置的数据，返回下一个数据的位置。</span>
<span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>elem<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   		<span class="token comment">// 删除容器中所有与 elem 值匹配的元素。</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>const_iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>it <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// 插入和删除</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 尾插</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 头插</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">300</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 尾删</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pop_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 头删</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pop_front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 插入</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">++</span>it<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 删除</span>
    it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">erase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">++</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 移除</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 清空</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br></div></div><p><strong>总结：</strong></p> <ul><li>尾插 --- push_back</li> <li>尾删 --- pop_back</li> <li>头插 --- push_front</li> <li>头删 --- pop_front</li> <li>插入 --- insert</li> <li>删除 --- erase</li> <li>移除 --- remove</li> <li>清空 --- clear</li></ul> <h3 id="_9-5-list-数据存取"><a href="#_9-5-list-数据存取" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.5 list 数据存取</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>对 list 容器中数据进行存取</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token function">front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 			<span class="token comment">// 返回第一个元素。</span>
<span class="token function">back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 			<span class="token comment">// 返回最后一个元素。</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//数据存取</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span>L1<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//cout &lt;&lt; L1.at(0) &lt;&lt; endl;	// 错误：不支持 at 访问数据</span>
    <span class="token comment">//cout &lt;&lt; L1[0] &lt;&lt; endl; 	// 错误：不支持 [] 方式访问数据</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;第一个元素为：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">front</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;最后一个元素为：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">// list容器的迭代器是双向迭代器，不支持随机访问</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">//it = it + 1; 				// 错误：不可以跳跃访问，即使是+1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><p><strong>总结：</strong></p> <ul><li>list 容器中不可以通过 [] 或者 at 方式访问数据</li> <li>返回第一个元素 --- front</li> <li>返回最后一个元素 --- back</li></ul> <h3 id="_9-6-list-反转和排序"><a href="#_9-6-list-反转和排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.6 list 反转和排序</h3> <p><strong>功能描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>将容器中的元素反转，以及将容器中的数据进行排序</li></ul> <p><strong>函数原型：</strong></p> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token function">reverse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 			<span class="token comment">// 反转链表</span>
<span class="token function">sort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 			<span class="token comment">// 链表排序</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>const_iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>it <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token function">myCompare</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> val1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> val2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> val1 <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> val2<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 反转和排序</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">90</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">70</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 反转容器的元素</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">reverse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 排序</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myCompare<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">printList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>L<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><p><strong>总结：</strong></p> <ul><li>反转 --- reverse</li> <li>排序 --- sort （成员函数）</li></ul> <h3 id="_9-7-排序案例"><a href="#_9-7-排序案例" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.7 排序案例</h3> <blockquote><p><strong>案例描述：</strong></p> <ul><li>将 Person 自定义数据类型进行排序，Person 中属性有姓名、年龄、身高</li></ul> <p><strong>排序规则：</strong></p> <ul><li>按照年龄进行升序，如果年龄相同按照身高进行降序</li></ul></blockquote> <div class="language-CPP line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;iostream&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">&lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Person</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
    <span class="token function">Person</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>string name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> age<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> height<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_name <span class="token operator">=</span> name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_age <span class="token operator">=</span> age<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_height <span class="token operator">=</span> height<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
    string m_name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> m_age<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> m_height<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token function">Compareperson</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Person<span class="token operator">&amp;</span> p1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Person<span class="token operator">&amp;</span> p2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>p1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_age <span class="token operator">==</span> p2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_age<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> p1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_height <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> p2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_height<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> p1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_age <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> p2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_age<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> L<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Person <span class="token function">p1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;刘备&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Person <span class="token function">p2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;曹操&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">180</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Person <span class="token function">p3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;马超&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Person <span class="token function">p4</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;赵云&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">180</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Person <span class="token function">p5</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;张飞&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">30</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p3<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p4<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push_back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p5<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;姓名：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> it<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_name <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; 年龄：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_age <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; 身高：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>m_height <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;---------------------------&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Compareperson<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>list<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>Person<span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>iterator it <span class="token operator">=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">begin</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> it <span class="token operator">!=</span> L<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">end</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>it<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot;姓名：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> it<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_name <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; 年龄：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> it<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_age <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">&quot; 身高：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> it<span class="token operator">-&gt;</span>m_height <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">test01</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">system</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;pause&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><p><strong>总结：</strong></p> <ul><li>对于自定义数据类型，必须要指定排序规则，否则编译器不知道如何进行排序</li> <li>高级排序只是在排序规则上在进行一次逻辑规则指定，并不复杂</li></ul></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">2024/6/3 14:54:44</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/bce95e/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">queue 容器</div></a> <a href="/pages/dbe892/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-next"><div class="tooltip">set 容器</div></a></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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